Milton Friedman s Philosophy Of Corporate Responsibility

3. a. Milton Friedman’s philosophy of corporate responsibility is that â€Å"social matters are not the concern of business people and that these problems should be resolved by the unfettered workings of the free market system†. As harsh as it may sound, what he mean course to say was that a business has â€Å"to make as much money as possible while conforming to basic rules of society†. Meanwhile, Archie Carroll’s philosophy states that a business has â€Å"four kinds of social responsibilities† that a firm must address in their corporate social responsibility, which are economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic duties. Clearly they have two very different views. Friedman sees that a business’s ultimate goal is to generate profits, then comes the legal and ethical responsibilities it must fulfill. To Friedman, there is no need to be philanthropic because the firm’s job is only to make money for the economy, and it is the economy ’s obligation to be philanthropic with the profits. Carroll agrees with Friedman that a company must be profitable, then be legal by obeying the law, and be ethical to avoid harm. However, Carroll believes it is also desired and in the best interests of the company to be philanthropic because it will â€Å"create a good corporate citizen†. Friedman has an economic view whereas Carroll has a social view. In my opinion, Archie Carroll’s philosophy on corporate social responsibility is more accurate. The social pyramid model he made to go with his views makesShow MoreRelatedChaser Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesPhilosophy 6: Ethical Issues in Business Midterm Essay Chase Novak Dr. Parker Need or Greed? 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He had expressed that few trends could so thoroughly undermineRead MoreMilton Friedman And The Social Responsibility Of Business Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pagesthe major arguments of Friedman and Freeman et al. on CSR A. â€Å"The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits†, written by Milton Freeman (1970). Milton Friedman took a â€Å"Shareholder Approach† to social responsibility. This approach asserts that shareholders advance capital to a company’s managers, who are supposed to spend corporate funds only in ways that have been authorized by the shareholders. Friedman wrote: There is one and only one social responsibility of business to use itsRead MoreThe Ford Pinto Case Analysis Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pages The Ford Pinto Case Iyanda S. OConnor American Military Universtiy BUSN623 The Ford Pinto Case In 1978 a tragic car accident involving three teenager driving a Ford Pinto, model year 1973, caused their car to burst into flames (Hoffman, 1982). The car was struck from behind and the gas tank immediately ruptured (Hoffman, 1982). The Ford Company was then charged for criminal homicide which was historically the first to occur for an American company (Hoffman, 1982). The Judge presidingRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Of Disney Company891 Words   |  4 Pages Corporate social responsibility CSR has experienced that it essentially original mission in the pantheon in the management literature. the basic question at the heart of CSR are as old as a business itself such as what is an industry for and what is it proposing and it does make for the nation? This essay will demonstrate the strength challenges limitations of corporate social responsibility. It will also raise ethical responsibility Journey and controversy of The Walt Disney company. ThisRead MoreFriedmans View On Corporate Social Responsibility1775 Words   |  8 PagesFriedman’s View on Corporate Social Responsibility The answer to the questions of Why does a business exist? and What purposes does/should it serve within society? are not agreed upon by all. The concept that companies having social obligations beyond their economic benefit is controversial (Chandler Werther Jr., 2014). This paper will briefly examine the viewpoint of the well-known economist, Milton Friedman, whose assertions have been very influential in the debate surrounding corporate social responsibilityRead MoreH.B. Fuller Case Study: Substance Abuse in the Street Children of Honduras2091 Words   |  9 Pagesadhesives, sealants, and coatings used for a variety of different packaging and manufacturing applications. (H.B. Fuller Company, 2011) Kativo Chemical Industries, LTD (primarily a paint company) was acquired by H.B. Fuller Company, and in the early 1980’s they decided to enter into the adhesive business market in Latin America. Kativo felt like the adhesive market in Latin America lacked competitors, could be profitable and allow them to gain market share. In addition to this, they only hired localRead MoreThe Emergence Of Corporate Social Responsibility1619 Words   |  7 PagesThe emergence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in business has beckoned on organisations to take responsibility for the impact of their operations on the society and environment. Business initial response to CSR as displayed by Milton Friedman in 1970 when he termed CSR programmes as hypocritical window dressing and that any business working towards such activity was exposing their firms to suicidal impulses (Friedman, 1970). This had been a general view by lots of CSR sceptics. 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The issue of sustainability development is really important in terms of long term Contract. The company has to focus whether the investment on the projects will provide better human development and equitable benefits to all. (Nelson, 2000, p66) TNCs are treated as the Corporate Citizens (Carroll

Why Is Motivation So Imperative Essay - 1314 Words

When you wake up in the morning, what is the passion that fuels you to make today special? The triggers that motivate employees are completely different for everyone. Many people are motivated by fame, money, cars, clothing, etc. Regardless of what may motivate people, motivation must be balanced throughout the workplace (Forbes). Keeping employees motivated is a crucial element in order to retain the best employees in the company. Why is motivation so imperative in the workplace? There are numerous reasons why companies should have a motivated workforce. Motivated employees will not only work quicker, but they will also use creativity to help the organization save millions of dollars by implementing new ideas. For many years, motivation has been studied in depth. Tests such as the Myers-Briggs to determine the personality type that an employee has. These particular test can be very helpful, the main factors that motivate employees to achieve change as they mature and begin to understand what matter the most in their personal lives. Motivation plays a key role in developing leaders in the workplace (Forbes). In order to develop leaders in the workplace, managers must lead by example. If upper management shows excitement towards meeting new goals and increasing productivity in the company, everyone will be on the same page and will play their role on the team. Meanwhile, there are two different types of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is motivationShow MoreRelatedThe Metaphysics of Morals by Immanuel Kant Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagesperforming an action that conforms with duty could rest solely on moral grounds. 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Leaving Home Free Essays

It was the last time I saw my Mother. My grieving pain for my mothers love infinitely grew. She was god in my eyes but was I the god given daughter she had hoped for? Everyday I had run to her absorbing her warmth as I wrapped my long limbs around her waist. We will write a custom essay sample on Leaving Home or any similar topic only for you Order Now The waist that had carried me for nine months, but was I worth the wait? Mother’s predictable great force would transfer into my weakened bones forcing me to collapse onto the striped wooden floor. I would land with a thud hoping that the chances of me receiving a hug the next day would increase. Maybe my accidental escape was for the best. Perhaps I was destined for this moment, this was fait in the palms of my hand, waiting for me to reach out and snatch the opportunity. Mother had snatched my rights to live as a normal human being away. It was forbidden for me to even talk to her. I needed permission. I told my self through every breath that everything would end up right, I was right. Rain, rain everywhere. Summer had died out, until next year. Autumn had approached me. My memory remained in the happy days but my solidified body moved on with life. My inner self, deep down, stands proud and fearless to this world creation signed to god. I always believed that if god brings you to it, he will bring you to it. I was eight. I was blessed with the perfect parents. Both their hearts were fulfilled with love and care. Every moment was heavenly. I lived in an averaged sized, 3-bedroom apartment in what was considered ‘normal. ‘ It was good enough for me. The oval shaped window revealed its outer secrets, the growing towers bordered with a beautiful skyline. Father was a man of great expectations. A man of many wise words. His broad shoulders would easily swing me from side to side like a wild hungry lion ripping and swinging his possession; his raw meat. In my case I was the loving prey for my Father, the predator, the bread winner of the family. I was his little princess. Mother was a lady, petite sized with a facial appearance carved from the clouds up above, the clouds in heaven. Mother was a woman who glowed with love for me. Her greatest asset was her silky, black locks that matched her thinly waxed eyebrows which also complimented her brown tan. One day, for the first time every Mother and Father were in their bedroom raving. It wasn’t a common sign which usually are positive. I could hear smashing and slamming against the walls. My ears sensed danger. They were noises that I had never heard before. The sense of love that flowed like a river through the air had shattered into broken pieces like corrupted glass which were non-fixable. I could barely make out what was being said. My distraction towards the aromatic spices and herbs from the kitchen flew up my tempted nose. The cuisine had blended with my tears of sadness. I couldn’t understand, everything used to be perfect, what could have happened? Before the argument I had thought of Mother’s voice as a relaxing tone, music being played from a magical flute that only she could master. Then the tables had turned. My voice seemed as sweet as sugar compared to mothers. Hers was now flat and dull. The lifeless mono-tone wasn’t Mother at all. It was as if a Hoover had vacuumed out the energy, the encouragement, the enthusiasm. I thought that the past argument was normal for all married couples until it became a trend. To see physical fighting would be less painful than my pain. It felt as if a needle had attempted to pierce its way through my heart but got stuck leaving never ending pain. The trend became daily. The light ore around both my parents, especially Mother, had faded into the dark shadows. As everyday passed the hatred between the two grew and grew. Mother’s once soft, tanned skin mounted with make up for affect had altered to a yellow, pale colour. I preferred Mother without make up but it was far better then seeing Mother like this. She didn’t even attempt to make her self look better. You could tell by the way that she lounged around the house that she was too lazy to even care. Mother would sit on the Indian decorated sofas which stood out. The black, long shiny hair had also moved on to knotted tangles. Personally I blame the bottles containing alcohol that Mother used to wash down accompanied with her finger-sized cigarettes. I would watch her drown her sorrows as the booze over took her mind flooding her inner self with this poison. Mother’s behavior began to really show. As much as I detested my life I loved it. Half of my heart, the candy half, told me everything would be fine and to carry on loving Mother but the other half, the cold half, would send messages to my brain whispering in my ears for me to leave. To escape! Escape to where though? All the pressure from my parent’s constant arguments was too much for me to handle. My sensitive brain was over powered. The repeated parrot phrase ‘leave home’ would haunt me in my dreams. Everyday before bed time I would bend my legs, clasp my hands tightly together so pearls of sweat would form. I would pray to god with devotion asking for him to solve my problems. I wished to exit my world of stress and tension. I never gave up. I waited and waited and waited†¦ The day came unexpectedly. With care I would drift pass Mother’s negative energy. Deep down my love grew towards Mother no matter what she was. Mother was soft and sweet like gum on the inside but her hardened shell took over on the outside. She was brainwashed. I was always alert of every sharp movement she made, every sligh glance she gave me in the corner of her beady camera eyes, every snarl she would utter under her rotten breath. I quickly limped across the carpet like a sneaky mouse to find my self in front of the powerful door. I called it the ‘deciding door’ as it decided weather I should leave the house and never return. On the way I had passed the rose red, ribena stain from when I spilt my glass on the floor. Mother had rescued me from injury. The memories were so fresh in my mind. It was as if it were yesterday. As I opened the door, the invisible wind flew in and out of my ears sending shivers up and down my spine as if an elevator were traveling to different floors. I would stand there shivering, imagining myself in Mothers arms. The whole of my Indian coloured skin would cover in goose bumps, each individual one containing a hair all stood up equal sized looking like they were under commandment in an army. My first step onto the African rug could have been my last. I wished. My long legged limbs would co-operate together so I could travel to where I wished to travel. They were under my instructions. I reached the pavement on the sides of the roads. As the first car lead the rest my heat rotated at a ninety degree angle to the right. No cars in sight. As I reached mid point in the road an internal feeling of sickness approached me. I looked down to find no blood. My consciousness was fading vastly. As I tried to demand my legs to get up they laid there lifelessly. I blinked once, the blue sky. I blinked twice, half the sky. I blinked 3 times, nothing†¦ How to cite Leaving Home, Papers Leaving Home Free Essays My brother, Ricky, sister, Amrit and I had only found out a week before, that we were just about to be whisked away to a foreign country we hadn’t set in for seven years, and seven years before that. We would be staying there for a whole month, so as you can imagine, we were taken aback, yet somewhat sceptic, as we’d always heard our parents mentioning a trip to India for a few months, but never actually believed they would go to the bother of booking the tickets. After all, my mother had only taken my now 5-year-old sister to see her family there four years ago. We will write a custom essay sample on Leaving Home or any similar topic only for you Order Now My immediate concern was language. I can read and write my mother tongue, and understand what people are telling me, but wasn’t very good at speaking back. I think this pleased my parents, they thought it would be good for us, as they knew we would have to start learning to talk in our mother tongue Punjabi. It wasn’t really difficult to prepare for the trip, well not for me anyway. All I had to do was make sure I had a holiday form, homework and suitcase packed. However, my poor parents had to sort out the passports, visas, currency, jabs (ouch) and house security while we were away. I didn’t really tell my friends until the last minute, as I was expecting a cancellation, change in plan or even told I’d been set up and it was all a joke. I was actually a little annoyed with my parents for not booking during school holidays, not because I’d miss school, only the workload I’d have to catch up on. But once they explained that they couldn’t get a holiday the same time as us, I felt quite sorry for them. When I think back to it, I was actually disappointed that we were going to India, instead of Canada in the summer, which is where I was hoping go, which was no longer possible. India as I last remembered it, was freezing in the morning, and boiling in the afternoon (we went in December), pretty smelly, the people were scared to talk to me and my brother (my sister wasn’t born then), and we didn’t really want to say anything to them. The thing that disgusted me most about this country was definitely the latrines. I tried not to go to the toilet unless I had a full bladder and was desperate; it was also hard to get toilet paper over there. This time, we prepared ourselves with plenty of rolls before we left. I wasn’t very impressed then, but it was also the reason we had gone in the first place, that we didn’t feel like enjoying ourselves. It was pretty depressing, as my mother’s brother had died in a tractor accident on Diwali, so my mother left England a few weeks before us to go to his funeral. I must admit that I was a little exited, as many of my relatives from Britain had gone a few weeks before us, so we would be meeting them there as well. The flight had been delayed three hours, so I didn’t really have a positive attitude when we arrived at the airport. The one thing that thrilled me when we were boarding the plane was that the passengers went on the stairs instead of the corridor, like in the movies, so that we could actually see the plane as we were boarding it. I’ m not scared of flying, but I did grow a little nervous as I approached the plane, the paintwork was hand done, the panels looked loose, and generally dirty. I didn’t look like it would make it all the way to India. The airhostesses also looked scary. The were from Kyrgystan, the airline company we were travelling with, and spoke in Russian to each other and in a Russian accent to the passengers. I had to strain to understand them properly. They wore thick bright coloured make up, and were always smiling. This had the opposite effect on me than intended, they reminded me of clowns! Inside, the plane was pretty cramped, and during the take off, my ears hurt and I felt sick. Since we were stopping in Turkey for a break, and changing planes in Russia, I had to go through this six times before we even landed in India. On the plane journey, my family were relaxing, listening to music, and reading magazines, but I was working away, struggling to get my homework finished before we reached India, so I could feel free without the stress of having to catch up there. Although we would be so busy I wouldn’t even have time. The whole journey lasted two days, the second plane was even worse. Russia is so cold, that there was ice forming inside the plane! It was brilliant when we actually landed in Delhi. The sun was out and the people at the airport were so welcoming. After we came out through customs, we were re-united with my sister’s water gun, and mother’s almond hair oil, which had been confiscated in Birmingham. I had to laugh. Then we came across a big problem. One of our suitcases was missing. It contained all of my Ricky’s clothing. We could claim the contents on insurance, but had to take him shopping for new clothes as soon as possible. I was thirsty, and wanted a drink, but there was one thing that stood in my way, no rupees. While my parents sorted out the lost property forms, l sneaked over to one of the currency exchange bureaus and decided to test the Indian in the office. I got out one pound and put it on the desk. He said, â€Å"is that all? † grinning. I replied,† it’s all I’ve got. † Then he said, â€Å"well only for you then! † I got my sixty-five rupees, and went straight to get a coffee. My mother and I went to the arrivals lounge, where we met my uncle. They were hugging each other, and they all started chatting in Punjabi. The poor man had been waiting for ages, as he hadn’t known about the delay, so I went to get the rest of my family. I whispered to my mum â€Å"Mum, he looks nothing like you. † Then she told that he was her cousin, not her brother. We somehow managed to pack everything into the Sumo, which is like a type of jeep or taxi. I was squashed in the back, it was very uncomfortable, but I concentrated on everything around me. There were loads of children coming back from school in their mopeds. Apparently, the timing for our trip had been brilliant for the weather, but our cousins would be taking their exams at this time. In India, the children have to take an exam at the end of every school year; the result of this exam determines whether they will be allowed into the next class. If they fail, they will have to repeat the year. I felt a bit like an intruder when I heard this, because they would have vital work to do, and I would be expecting them to show me around or getting bored. We arrived at the village we would be staying at, Gureh in Ludhiana, Punjab for the next week at around about midnight. I was surprised; could say shocked at the state of the house. The standard was better than the housing in England. The layout is not quite the same, but there was a toilet, a decant shower area, separate bedrooms, and they even had a car. I met my aunt, and my cousin Manjit, who’s eighteen years old. He seemed quite shy, and always walked with his head down. His sister who is my age was already gone to sleep. We dumped our bags in our room, and after about an hour, went to sleep. The next day, we got up late and relaxed the whole day. When I met Pardeep, I remembered her from seven years ago straight away. She was pretty cheeky, and sometimes a bit spoilt, but she showed me around the village. I felt ever so conscious of my clothes. I was wearing trousers and a top, but everybody else, in their salwar kameez (type of Indian suit) just smiled. For the next the day of two, we visited relatives from villages that lived near Ludhiana. My uncle drove us. I felt a bit rude, as I didn’t remember many of them. One day that week, we took the car ourselves, and I was told I was going to go to Mussayala. This village I could not forget. Last time Ricky and I had great fun chasing after the chickens, feeding the cows the chapattis we refused to eat, running around with our uncles and aunts. They’re actually our age, but it’s one of the funny age differences that happen a lot in our family tree. At this village lived my great granddad, which gave me something to talk about at home. The only way I can think of to describe Mussayala is that it is one of those ancient forgotten old places in the middle of nowhere. The village had a single toilet, which was sometimes pretty embarrassing. As I thought about how many times we had watched the home video we made from last time, I grew more exited. But when we arrived, in the evening, my â€Å"cousins† acted as if they couldn’t figure out who we were. Okay, so maybe my Punjabi wasn’t great, but they were so shy. I hoped that this would not carry on. Because my parents had arranged to see an architect about the building on the plot of land for my grandmother. The only architects we knew of were in Chandigardh, the capital of Punjab. I didn’t really have any expectations of the city at first, but was very impressed. We got there on the bus, which isn’t the best way of travelling in India. We were out in the town, and got to travel in the rickshaws. The roads were a lot cleaner than those in the villages. It was practically like England. We went an actual fast food restaurant, but it didn’t sell meat so we just ordered chips and pizza. I wasn’t anticipating there would be so many young college students, who wore the same sort of trousers and top I did. I immediately regretted my decision to wear a traditional suit that day. This was the one time I would have felt comfortable in my normal English clothes, and I’d just wasted that chance. The architects had a proper office, and were very professional, not just some back room of a shop, and didn’t take long to find. It wasn’t a very long meeting, as my parents didn’t have enough information about the plot to make a plan. The data had to be really detailed, such as which direction the sun rises. I didn’t realise that little things like this affected the construction of a house. We wandered around the centre of the town for a while, and the things I saw made me sure I would have felt comfortable staying here for a few days. But the problem of having too many things to do and too little time to do it in always got in the way. The city is really quite modern and developed; in fact, the whole of the country has really progressed in the last seven years. The shantytowns still lie on the outskirts of the towns, but technology is more advanced and the nation has noticeably prospered. Some people in the farm villages were even walking around with mobile phones. I think that which area of India you see that affects the overall impression. If you compared somewhere like Mussayala to Gureh, you can really see the change. The original plan had been to spend one week in Punjab, two weeks in U. P. where my mums family lived, and go to somewhere like Goa or Bangalore for the remaining week, before heading back towards Delhi. Since we had spent so long in Punjab because of this plot business, this was no longer possible. My dad said that it was silly that we thought we could get everything done in only a month. I was delighted that my cousin Pardeep had holidays and could come to U. P. with us. We really couldn’t afford to be lazy the day we were leaving, we got ready early that day, but were still delayed, as the Sumo we had hired had to go back and get a roof rack for all of our luggage. My mum gave the servants some money, and we left with everybody waving goodbye. I was very grateful for their hospitality. This trip took the whole day. Me, Pardeep, Ricky and Amrit sat at the back, parents in the middle and drivers at the front. I just read a magazine, my brother and sister played, and my cousin listened to the Walkman. We stopped off at a few of what would be the equivalent to cafes a few times, bought a supply of crisps and some drink, and went to the latrines while we had the chance. On the route to U. P. , we had to go through a beautiful rural state called Haryana. This is the sort of place where you meet village maids milking cows, there was green grass everywhere and the landscape was beautiful. I had never seen anywhere like it, not even in the Hindi films. On the map, the state was just a small chunk of land. As we came nearer to the heart of U. P. (my mum’s family lived south of UP) we saw many women wearing cloths over their heads, there were many more Muslims living here. I also noticed that the signs were written in Hindi. It was annoying, because I couldn’t understand what they said, and felt quite ignorant. In Punjab, the main language was Punjabi. Even when the people here spoke Punjabi, they did with a Hindi accent which was difficult to understand fully. I didn’t realise that such a change could happen only across states. As it grew dark, we were just approaching the town nearest to my mum’s village, Kashipur. We stopped here to buy some bottles of coke. It was here that I began to get exited, we were so near. Pardeep kept telling us how far we were. My mum had already warned me, that most of my cousins my age, would be at their boarding schools, but the younger ones would be here. I was a bit worried, but also enthusiastic. We were all half asleep when we arrived. As we approached the house, I saw a huge a mass of people waiting to welcome us. I never realised I had such a big family. We got out, and everyone was hugging everybody else. It felt good, even if you didn’t know who was who. My mum began telling how I was related to everyone else which sometimes got a bit confusing. My older cousins were joking, telling me how they were planning to marry me off some overweight drunk from India. They were also joking about my brother, because he doesn’t speak much Punjabi. â€Å"He wouldn’t know if we were swearing at him though, would he? He’d just ignore it. † This made me laugh. During the next week, some of cousins came from boarding school for a bit, but there was only one day where everyone was there together, and that was on Ricky’s birthday that was celebrated with a couple of party poppers. In the middle of the last week, me and my family, Pardeep, my mum’s brother and his son, Jatinder, my mum’s sister’s daughter, Kuldeep, and my mum’s late brother’s daughter, Amandeep, who is a bit bratty went on a day trip to Nainital, a village on the foothills of the Himalayas. This is the place my parents visited when they first bought Ricky and me to India. My brother and I of course couldn’t remember the place at all, and didn’t understand why they were so keen to go back there again. But when we actually got there, we soon found out. We were all crammed into the back of a jeep, and arrived in two and a half hours. During which Jatinder, who was sitting opposite me, flicked nuts at me, tapped me continually and succeeded in annoying me, although he is a year older. Nainital was BRILLIANT. It reminded me of Nepal. The people looked Nepalese and spoke in a Nepalese accent. We even dressed in Nepalese costume and took photos. We went on a few rides, and rode on some horses up the mountains. The view on the ski lift was spectacular, and the scenery of the Himalayas was amazing. Me, Ricky, Jatinder and Pardeep went to on a paddleboat on a large lake for an hour or so. This was tiring, yet relaxing at the same time. It was shortly after this, that we left to go back to UP. I was disappointed when we returned to Delhi for our last night. I didn’t miss England at all, not even the tele. There were tears as we left the village. I felt sick at the bottom of my stomach when we waved goodbye. I’d got a little gift for each of my cousins, and made my uncle promise he’d make sure they got them. † See you in four months† I said to him, as we dragged our entire luggage to the x-rays. I knew there wasn’t much chance of my parents letting me come back in the summer holidays, even though I told them I was willing to go alone. Apparently, it was so hot, that I wouldn’t be able to survive, and would get ill quickly. When Kuldeep asked me when I was coming back, I jokingly told her on her wedding day, though she is only seventeen, but I was surprised when she made keep it as a promise to her. I had picked up many skills throughout the holiday. These include: milking a cow, driving a tractor, making ghee, and insulting somebody in Punjabi, many of which are pretty useless to me in Britain, but it was the experience of learning theses things from my relatives that I treasure. When the plane landed in Britain, I don’t think I’ve ever felt so down. I still want to turn around and go straight back. The weather suited my mood perfectly, it was pouring down. My friends at school and family said there were three things that had changed about me. My skin colour was darker, or as my friend Shona said, â€Å"glowing†. (This sounded much nicer. ) I had also lost a bit of weight, which I have unfortunately regained. I think the change that most people especially my relatives noticed was, that I spoke much nicer Punjabi, and my words flowed better. I think this is because, in England, I could get away with thinking in English, translating the words into the other language, and then letting them out. Whereas in India, you must think sharply and reply quickly, so I had to train my mind to think, as well as speak in Punjabi, which is why it has improved so much. How to cite Leaving Home, Papers

Interpersonal Communication of Mc Donald’s Company †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Interpersonal Communication of Mc Donalds. Answer: Introduction Effective communication plays an important role for an organization so that employees of each level can deliver and receive accurate set of information on that basis many activities supposed to be performed. Having accurate and precise communication system leads an organization to the path of success and sustainability. Effective communication helps the organization in the process of inflow and outflow of relevant information in a proper manner by which entire activities to be performed in a systematic manner as decided by the manager. By including effective communication within business premises, all the related activities would be executed within given time frame which further makes sure that organization would be capable to attain desired output and remain sustain into the market. This project report will be focused on developing effective communication system into the organization through which company can be able to eliminate its issues associated with the communication system. In the present competitive scenario, it is important for the organizations that they must include updated and accurate system of communication within their premises by which they could manage the internal business decorum. For execution of this project report, company Mc Donalds has been taken in which its internal system of communication will be evaluated through survey. The reason for selecting this organization is that Mc Donalds possesses efficient communication and co ordination among the employees serving within the organization. Diagnosis and reflection Mc Donalds is a famous fast food chain that delivers its glorious services in all over the world to its customers. This was developed in year 1940 by owner Richard and Maurice Mc Donald, since then it has developed large base of customer. There are many customers working in Mc Donalds presently i.e. 36,900 customers and for such type of big food chain it is necessary to develop and uphold effectual inflow and outflow of communication so that all the workers serving there could perform their work in an organized manner. There is a systematic chain being chased by the employees in Mc Donalds like whenever someone places an order at billing counter then an employee standing at the counter receives it after that the order is being communicated to the person who is working in the kitchen area through other staff member. There is also a direct system of communication followed by the employees working there (Delavier, 2010). For the execution of this project report, I have went to one of the several branches of Mc Donalds in order to conduct internal survey for collecting relevant information associated with the system of communication followed by the Mc Donalds Restaurant. Through the collected information, I have identified that there are some issues related with the communication system being confronted by the employees of Mc Donalds and still they are trying to manage these issues. With the help of some diagnostic tools, I have managed to recognize the communication issues confronted by the employees (Krajicek, 2008). Some diagnostic tools like Communication Style Questionnaire, Simple Interview Method, Personal interview, Johari Window Model, Assertiveness Questionnaire were used by me to collect the appropriate information from the workers serving over there. These models helped me in providing guidance regarding the generated issues of communication system within the organization. Proper evaluation of various aspects that provided me assistance in availing the guidance in respect to Mc Donalds, will be done by using these tools so that organization could be able to execute appropriate strategies in order to eliminate all the issues and hindrances related with the communication system of Mc Donalds (Claussen, 2009). Johari Window Method - To increase the individual perception on others, Johari Window Model is used. Johari Window Model is basically depends upon two aspects i.e. trust is considered as important element that can be discovered by your information to other person and developing some knowledge about your own with the help of responses given by the other person. This tool provides assistance to describe the facts related with the aspects that is known by one person and nor known by the one. Related aspects that are known by person is placed in the open area and the aspects that are not known by one is placed into the faade or in closed (hidden) area, some other aspects that are known by oneself are placed in blind area and remaining aspects stay unknown which are not known by others (Allen, 2015). Assestive Questionnaire Method -Two set of questionnaire have been prepared after collecting information associated with the aspects of Johari Windows Model. One format was based upon the assertiveness questionnaire and another was communication style questionnaire. A set of assertiveness questionnaire is based upon the queries associated with the feelings, thoughts, needs, etc. The main purpose for preparing this set of questionnaire was to collect relevant information linked with the feelings of employees working in the Mc Donalds. A set of assertive questionnaire provided assistance in getting the information about the internal feeling of employees confronting the issues and problems in the workplace by which a proper direction were developed towards the execution and implementation of strategies within Mc Donalds in order to resolve the communication issues (Bird, 2012). Communication style questionnaire - Another set of questionnaire i.e. communication style questionnaire helped in collecting the opinion of the workers linked with the organizations communication issues so that organization could be able to achieve its target effectively by resolving these communication issues through applying appropriate strategies. With the help of these two sets of questionnaire, a proper understanding has been developed by which employees state of mind has been identified. I have also recognized the perceptions or opinions of employees connected with the Mc Donalds communication system (Desjardins H, 2013). Simple Interview Method- In this method, employees had to give answers of some questions which were asked to them. Through this method employees expressed their perceptions towards the organization and its related issues. Personal or Face to face interview Method In this method, discussion were done personally with the employees through which the related issues of organization have been revealed. Employees responses have been received after applying various Diagnosis Tools from which it was indentified that there was several issues that were being confronted by the employees of Mc Donalds and by using a proper set of strategies, these issues could be resolved. Some issues which are identified after survey that the employees of Mc. Donalds did not possesses sufficient information about their duties like what they need to perform exactly and another issue is with the employees interpersonal skills because of this they could not be able to interact with the customer properly. A proper guidance or direction would be provided to the organization to overcome the issues of communication system within Mc Donalds. After completing the survey, I went to the manager of the Mc Donalds and done interaction regarding the identified issues of the organization. I described that in your organization there are some issues associated with the communication system. One of them is that employees of the organization did not have proper interpersonal skills by which they are not able to interact or communicate with the client efficiently. Employees are not able to explain the information about the products and services being delivered by them. So, in order to overcome this issue, you should conduct proper set of Training for the employees through which they will acquire some confidence and they can communicate with the customers easily. After this discussion, I mentioned the manager about the second issue that in your organization employees did not clearly know their roles and responsibility by which they are facing problem in performing their duties. For the solution to this issue, I recommend the manager that you must conduct daily meetings within the organization in order to describe the roles and responsibility of the employees and daily meetings also will help them to present the issue of the organization to the manager directly and get the solution for it. Literature Review With the help of effective communication, an organization could manage its business activity in an organized manner as communication plays vital role for a company to become successful. Communication is helpful in providing appropriate structure to the workers of organization regarding various aspects and on that basis they can perform their work in an effective and efficient manner. Various issues have been identified with the help of using diagnostic tools. In order to eliminate these issues, Mc Donalds needs to focus upon some appropriate strategies and implement them within the business premises properly. These issues can influence the entire business activities and needs to be controlled. With the help of diagnosis, several aspects related with the employees mindset have been recognized that leads to identification of proper solution in order to resolve these issues (Vangelisti, 2016). It was determined through collected information that Mc Donalds has been facing these issues from the past four years and still they manage their work accordingly. Workers standing at the billing counter are facing the problem while interacting with the consumers. Peoples mindset and their standard of living are changing with the time. At present, employee of any organization desires to get feedback of the services and products being provided by them. It has been recognized that employees managing the billing desk were confronting the issue in providing information to the customers regarding the services and products being delivered by them. In Mc Donalds, the main issue identified that proper training were not provided to the workers due to which they were facing problem while interaction with the customers (Dixon, 2012). Another issue which has been identified that the employees of Mc Donalds did not have proper set of information associated with their work profile that they need to perform. There were not any managerial support provided to the employees and all the activities that are need to be performed by whom is decided by the executive level. It was also determine that there were no meeting organized from the past few years through which they could get to know about their roles and responsibility (Gluyas, 2015). As it is concluded on the basis of above discussion that in Mc Donalds there are several issues confronted by the employees that needs to be solved as soon as possible by applying some appropriate strategies through which employees of the organization could interact with their customers in an effective manner (Gerson and Gerson, 2007). Mc Donalds should implement some set of strategies to eliminate the issues related with the communication system. Some set of strategies which should be adopted by Mc Donalds are described as below: Providing proper training helps the employees in enhancing their interpersonal skills by which they can interact with their customers without any hesitation. Training also helps the employees in gathering the relevant information associated with the services and products being delivered by them to the customer. Proper training also helps in boosting the self confidence level of employees so that they can easily solve the customers queries and also provides improved support to the customers as well (Delavier, 2010). Another strategy which will help in eliminating the problem of communication system is organized daily meeting. To acquire the knowledge about generating issues within the organization, management needs to get associated with their employees. Top level management should properly allocate the duties and responsibility to each and every employee so that they can perform them in a systematic manner (Anon, 2016). One more strategy related with this aspect is team building activities. Employees of Mc Donalds should develop team work among them to perform their activity in accurate manner. Management should divide the employees into several teams and work should be distributed to them accordingly. By involving such activities into the work pattern will help in building up the better co ordination among workers so that they can manage their work (Krajicek, 2008). Some more activities that can be taken into consideration in developing the system of communication of the premises are organizing cultural activities at workplace, official parties, involving fun activities, etc. would provide assistance in developing better relationship with each other and can perform their tasks in an effective manner (Guidelines for Special Issues of the Journal of Business Communication and Business Communication Quarterly, 2009). Management of an organization should maintain proper interaction with the employees time to time by the affect of which top level management gets to know about the issues generating within an organization and they can provide proper set of support in eliminating these issues so as to sustain the proper decorum of the organization. The issues related with the communication system should be resolved on priority basis so that operating activities could be managed by the employees of organization in an effective and efficient manner. It is essential for the Mc Donalds to motivate their employees by using Maslows motivational theory so that employees give their best in performing their roles and duties and develop better communication system within the premises. Another theory that can also be taken into consideration by Mc Donalds is relationship theory by which better co ordination will be developed among the employees of the organization which can be beneficial to eliminating the issue related with the communication system. With the help of effective communication system, Mc Donalds can easily achieve its targets as well as can sustain in the market (Claussen, 2009). Action plan Serial. No. Initiated Activities Total days Date of Starting Date of Completion Action which is to be executed 1 Communication System to be managed at Mc Donalds 183 Days 1 April 2017 30 Oct 2017 By using this action plan, evaluation of all the problems and issues related with the communication system of Mc Donalds will be done. Further, this plan will assist in taking correct decision regarding issues (Eggins and Slade, 2013). 2 Assessing the Current Position of Mc Donalds 30 Days 1 April 2017 30 April 2017 Time duration of this process is for one month in which face to face interaction with the employees, who are at present facing the problem, will be done by the top level management team. With the help of this process, responses of the employees will be collected through questionnaire (Gueldenzoph Snyder, 2008). 2.1 Upfront discussion with all Mc Donalds workers 15 Days 1 April 2015 15 April 2017 Face to face discussion between the manager and employees of the organization will be executed in order to gather useful information regarding the hindrances and issues of organization. That will help employees personally to resolve their problem (Padgett and Yoder, 2008). 2,2 Collection of feedback through questionnaire as well as evaluate them 15 Days 15 April 2017 30 April 2017 For execution of this project, a set of questionnaire will be prepared by the management which includes some bad as well as some good aspects of the Mc Donalds company. On the basis of these questionnaires, responses of the employees will be collected so that they can develop proper strategies regarding with the certain issues (Kargin, 2016). 3. Compare the employees responses and identify proper strategies. 30 Days 1 May 2017 30 May 2017 After taking responses of the employees, comparison and evaluation will be done on the basis of their given responses. After evaluation, complete report will be delivered to the top level management team that includes the issues and hindrances that are being faced by the workers of Mc Donalds. On that basis certain strategies to be developed accordingly (Levitt, 2016). 4. Provide Training 30 Days 1 June 2017 30 June 2017 Next step is all about to provide training to every workers of the organization in order to eliminate the issue. Time duration of training would be for three months. It is a hard task to manage the entire employee during their training period (Morgan, Paucar-Caceres and Wright, 2014). This training includes face to face interaction with the customers as well as to manage order getting from them. All these activities will be performed under the guidance of supervision so that employees could perform well. 5. Some Extra Activities must be included. 60 Days 1 July 2017 30 Aug 2017 It is necessary to include some extra activities apart from work would be there in order to reduce the boredom and enhance the creativity of employees but these activities must not influence the work of employees. It is required that employees must participate in each activities by which they can get some entertainment and feel refreshing at the premises. It is important for employee to enjoy their work so these activities will play an important role for this (Opt, 2017). 6. Organize Meetings Daily 122days 1 April 2017 31 Oct 2017 Daily meetings are the solution for every problem in an organization. Management of Mc Donalds must follow the process of daily meeting within the premises so that employees can easily discuss their problem to the management directly and these problems can be solve timely (Weerasinghe and Thisera, 2014). References Allen, M., 2015. Strategic Communication for Sustainable Organizations. s.l.:Springer. Bird, M., 2012. Upside Downside: How to Take the Sting Out of Business Risk. s.l.:Random House.. `DesJardins, 2013. Business Ethics: Decision Making for Personal Integrity and Social ResponsibilITy. s.l.:McGraw Hill Education. Vangelisti, A. (2016). On the importance of communication research.Communication Education,65(4), 501-504. Anon, 2016. Strategies for the Promotion of Effective Communication between Teachers and Students. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 5(6), pp.1757-1761. Delavier, F., 2010. Strength training anatomy. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Dixon, J., 2012. Effective Strategies for Communication? Employees Views of a Communication Skills Course Eleven Years On. British Journal of Social Work, 43(6), pp.1190-1205. Gerson, S. and Gerson, S., 2007. Workplace communication. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Gluyas, H., 2015. Effective communication and teamwork promotes productivity. Nursing Standard, 29(49), pp.50-57. Krajicek, J., 2008. Effective Communication Is "Hitched to Everything in the (Business) Universe". Business Communication Quarterly, 71(3), pp.369-373. Anon, 2009. Guidelines for Special Issues of the Journal of Business Communication and Business Communication Quarterly. Business Communication Quarterly, 72(4), pp.464-466. Claussen, D., 2009. Strategic Plan Takes Action on Long-Term Problems and Opportunities. Journalism Mass Communication Educator, 64(1), pp.3-6. Eggins, S. and Slade, D., 2013. Informational and interactional communication strategies in effective shift-change handovers. Communication Medicine, 9(3). Gueldenzoph Snyder, L., 2008. Teaching Teams About Teamwork: Preparation, Practice, and Performance Review. Business Communication Quarterly, 72(1), pp.74-79. Kargin, N., 2016. Communication Science: Issues and Perspective. Modern Communication Studies, 5(2), pp.17-21. Levitt, S., 2016. Cultural Dialectics in International Teamwork Dynamics. International Journal of Business Communication, p.232948841662909. Morgan, L., Paucar-Caceres, A. and Wright, G., 2014. Leading Effective Global Virtual Teams: The Consequences of Methods of Communication. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 27(6), pp.607-624. Opt, S., 2017. Teaching audience adaptation using connected presentations and teamwork. Communication Teacher, 31(2), pp.85-89. Padgett, W. and Yoder, M., 2008. Effective Communication: Excellence in a Technical Presentation [DSP Education]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 25(2), pp.124-127. Weerasinghe, T. and Thisera, T., 2014. Keys to Effective Listening and Presenting: An Action Plan. Kelaniya Journal of Human Resource Management, 9(1-2), p.33.

Malthus And Starving Essays - Demographic Economics, Demography

Malthus And Starving The United Nations projects that the global population, currently at 6 billion, will peak at about 10 billion in the next century and then stabilize or even decline. A question immediately following the statement, can the Earth feed that many people? It is understood that even if food crops increase sufficiently, other renewable resources, including many fisheries and forests, are already under pressure. Our food production doubled from 1961 to 1994, but there are still people who go hungry. This is because the human population has increased more rapidly than the food production. One of the well-known economists Thomas Robert Malthus claimed that there was an imbalance between population growth and our ability to produce food. In his famous work, An Essay on the Principle of Population, his principle of population was based on three main points: population cannot increase without the means of subsistence; population invariable increases when the means of subsistence are available; and the superior power of population cannot be checked without producing misery or vice. When taking into account Malthus principle of population it is evident that his fundamental analysis of population has been proven right. Since the earth resources are finite, when human population increases, it affects human beings. Will there be a problem if population keeps increasing? Rapid population growth and the technical development of society have led to difficulties for farmers worldwide to maintain this dual compatibility. In fact, today farmers face demands for a high productivity as well as environmentally sound, sustainable farming practices. Some economists believe human beings have the ability to produce enough food to feed all the people in the world, but according to Malthus theory, this cannot happen. When the number of people keeps increasing while the amount of available food stays the same or even declines, human beings will face a scarcity of resources and overpopulation in the world. This is what happening right now. According to a well known biologist-Paul R. Ehrlich, who said The amount of food available restrains the size of any animal population, unless space, disease, predators, or some other factor sets lower limits. What he means is that food production is an element that control our population growth, this is because people cannot survive without food. When his idea is observed, it is evident that his idea is similar to Malthus principle of population. Malthus stated, there is an imbalance between our ability to produce food and our ability to produce children. (Malthus 80) He said human beings are far better at making babies than are at finding food for survival. This problem, exists in all past and present societies, and must also exist in any future society as well. Therefore Malthus and Paul both agreed that the population could not increase without an increase of food. Without an excessive population, the world fertile land can produce enough food, or even excess food. There will be a sufficient amount of natural resources reserve of human beings. Therefore the faster the population increases; the more resources will be used. When population keeps increasing, earth environment will be put into greater danger, the overexploitation of natural resources will continue and poverty will rise in most of the world countries. It is because more people consume more food and more resources to keep their needs. As a result, if there is not enough food, human population will decline. Malthus stated, the power of population to grow was indefinitely greater than the power of the earth to produce subsistence. (Malthus, 70) He also said that there was a difference between population growth and food supply. (msumusik.mursuky.edu/~felwell/http/malthus/index) The difference is that the population increases by a geometric progression but the amount of subsistence increases by arithmetic progression. When Malthus wrote his principle in 1798, he already predicted that in the future, the population would exceed the amount of food. This is because population grows according to the geometric progression (1, 2, 4, 8, 16..), and the means of subsistence grows according to the arithmetic progression (1, 2, 3, 4..) When our population exceeds the amount of food, people who cannot get food will experience hunger. As the human numbers increase, deterioration of water quality and destruction of animal and plant communities increase too. Water pollution has been partly caused by population growth. Humans consumed, stored and diverted water and used it to carry away wastes without regard to health or ecological consequences. Therefore, overpopulation not just threatens food supply, but also water supply. As human numbers continue to rise, they create needs for land for purposes other than

How a School Administrator Becomes an Effective Leader

How a School Administrator Becomes an Effective Leader Great leadership is the key to success in any school. The best schools will have an effective school leader or group of leaders. Leadership not only sets the stage for long-term achievement, but it ensures that there will be sustainability long after theyre gone. In a school setting, a leader must be multifaceted as they deal with other administrators, teachers, support staff, students, and parents on a daily basis. This is not an easy job, but many administrators are experts at leading the various subgroups. They can effectively work with and support every person at the school. How does a school administrator become an effective school leader? There is not a single answer to this question but a blend of qualities and characteristics that yield an effective leader. An administrators actions over the course of time also help them to become a true school leader. Lead by Example A leader understands that others are continuously watching what they are doing and how they respond to certain situations. They arrive early and stay late. A leader remains calm in times where there may be chaos. A leader volunteers to help and assist in areas where they are needed. They carry themselves inside and outside of the school with professionalism and dignity. They do their best to make informed decisions that will benefit their school. They can admit when a mistake is made. Have a Shared Vision A leader has a continuous vision for improvement that guides how they operate. They are never satisfied and always believe they can do more. They are passionate about what they do. They are able to get those around them to buy into their vision and to become as enthusiastic about it as they are. A leader is not afraid to expand or to scale back their vision when appropriate. They actively seek input from those around them. A leader has both a short-term vision to meet immediate needs, and a long-term vision to meet future needs. Be Well Respected A leader understands that respect is something that is earned naturally over time. They do not force others around them to respect them. Instead, they earn others respect by giving respect. Leaders give others around them the opportunities to be their best. Highly respected leaders may not always be agreed with, but people almost always listen to them. Be a Problem Solver School administrators face unique situations every day. This ensures that the job is never boring. A leader is an efficient problem solver. They are able to find effective solutions that benefit all parties involved. They are not afraid to think outside the box. They understand that each situation is unique and that there is not a cookie-cutter approach to how to do things. A leader finds a way to make things happen when no one believes that it can be done. An Effective School Leader Is Selfless A leader puts others first. They make humble decisions that may not necessarily benefit themselves, but instead is the best decision for the majority. These decisions may instead make their job increasingly difficult. A leader sacrifices personal time to help where and when they are needed. They are not worried about how they look as long as it is benefiting their school or school community. Be an Exceptional Listener A leader has an open door policy. They do not dismiss anyone that feels that they need to talk to them. They listen to others fervently and wholeheartedly. They make them feel that they are important. They work with all parties to create a solution and keep them informed throughout the process. A leader understands that others around them have potentially brilliant ideas. They continuously solicit input and feedback from them. When someone else has a valuable idea, a leader gives them credit. Adapt to Change A leader understands that situations change and are not afraid to change with them. They quickly assess any situation and adapt appropriately. They are not afraid to change their approach when something is not working. They will make subtle adjustments or scrap a plan entirely and start from scratch. A leader uses the resources they have available and makes them work in any situation. Understand Individual Strengths and Weaknesses A leader understands that it is the individual parts in a machine that keeps the entire machine running. They know which of those parts are fine-tuned, which are in need of a little repair, and which could potentially need to be replaced. A leader knows each teacher’s individual strengths and weaknesses. They show them how to use their strengths to make an impact on and create personal development plans to improve their weaknesses. A leader also evaluates the entire faculty as a whole and provides professional development and training in areas where improvement is needed. Makes Those Around You Better A leader works hard to make every teacher better. They encourage them to grow continuously and improve. They challenge their teachers, create goals, and provide ongoing support for them. They schedule meaningful professional development and training for their staff. A leader creates an atmosphere where distractions are minimized. They encourage their teachers to be positive, fun, and spontaneous. Admit When You Make a Mistake A leader strives for perfection with the understanding that they are not perfect. They know that they are going to make mistakes. When they do make a mistake, they own up to that mistake. A leader works hard to rectify any issues that arise as a result of a mistake. The most important thing that a leader learns from their mistake is that is it should not be repeated. Hold Others Accountable A leader does not allow others to get away with mediocrity. They hold them accountable for their actions and reprimand them when necessary. Everyone including students have specific jobs to do at school. A leader will ensure that everyone understands what is expected of them while they are at school. They create specific policies that address each situation and enforce them when they are broken. An Effective School Leader Makes Difficult Decisions Leaders are always under the microscope. They are praised for their school’s successes and scrutinized for their failures. A leader will make difficult decisions that can lead to scrutiny. They understand that not every decision is the same and even cases with similarities may need to be handled differently. They evaluate each student discipline case individually and listen to all sides. A leader works hard to help a teacher improve, but when the teacher refuses to cooperate, they terminate them. They make hundreds of decisions each day. A leader evaluates each one thoroughly and makes the decision they believe will be the most beneficial for the entire school.

Chaos Complexity and Complex Adaptive Systems Essay

Chaos Complexity and Complex Adaptive Systems - Essay Example It was founded by I Ansoff, Their discipline had some links to urban planning, system theory & cybernetics. This school was administered and spread by professional managers, people with MBA's staff experts (especially in finance and management) consultants & government controllers. Their intended message was to formalize. The message received by their intended listeners was to make a program and administer one. They belonged to the Prescriptive school category. Their theory states that a stitch in time saves time. Their failure was caused by their not supporting real-time strategy making nor encourages creative accidents. c) Positioning school - This was founded by Sun Tzu in his literary work The Art of War. This school concentrated on economics or the industrial organization and the military history. This school was championed by consulting boutiques type of business and United States writers. They espouse the theory of analyzing things. The message that was received by their liste ners was that they should calculate their every move and not concentrate on creating or committing. This theory belonged also to the Prescriptive management school of thought. Their theory was to consider only the facts of in management decision making. Their shortfall was due to their strategy being reduced to generic positions that were selected thru formalized analysis of industry. d) The Entrepreneurial school was established by J A Schump and A H Cole with collaboration from other economics faculty. Their writings were based on economics. Their intended message was to envision the future but the listeners interpreted their teachings as to centralize and hope for the best. They belonged to the second type of school called the descriptive. Their theory was to take themselves to the leader. Their failure was due to the unclear vision and they depended too much on the leader to for decision making purpose. e) The Cognitive school was established by H A Simon and J March. Their base discipline was Psychology (cognitive). This school was preached by pessimists who are psychologically bent. Their intended message was to cope with any situation or create a solution. The message that got thru to the listeners was that worry was evident in all their actions. This school was described as Descriptive. Its saying goes I will see if when I believe it. Their failure was due to the too subjective approach to strategy formulation. f) The learning school was established by LIndbio, Cyert, March, Weick, Quinn, Prahlad & Hamel. There seems to be no base discipline in this school. Chaos theory in mathematics had started here. The movers of this school were people who loved to experiment, ambiguous and adaptable to many situations like in Japan and Scandinavia They are espousing that the prefer learning but the message that reaches the listeners seems to be the movers just want a play atmosphere to abound. Their school falls under Descriptive type. Their very famous line goes if at first you don't succeed, try and try again. Their failure seems to be that their strategic management process seems to be chaotic or in trouble. Their teachings seem chaotic.g) The power school was established by Alison, Pfeffer, Salancik & Astley.  

Automotive Production Levels - Toyota Motors Research Paper

Automotive Production Levels - Toyota Motors - Research Paper Example In the first quarter of financial year 2013, Toyota’s unit sales had jumped to 2,268,563 units amounting to sales revenue of 5,233,688 million yen. Consolidated sales increased by 85.7% in fiscal year 2013 compared to fiscal year 2012 and net revenues increased by 59.9%. These changes are indicative of a change in either Toyota’s price structure or the demand and supply forces in the market. Among other things, these changes can also be attributed to changes in the value of the yen and cost reduction measures taken by Toyota to stay afloat and efficient. Market price also plays a role here and can be calculated using a simple relationship between sales revenue and units sold. (Market price = Sales Revenue/Units Sold. According to the data presented, the price for Toyota’s products in the market in fiscal year 2012 based on the unit sales and sales revenue figures for that year can be calculated to be 2.59 million yen. For fiscal year 2013, this amounted to 2.31 m illion yen. The demand curve for a firm shows how much of a product the market is willing and able to pay for at the given price. The supply curve of a firm shows how much of a product the firm is willing and able to produce at the given. ... product is increased, demand tends to decrease and when the product price is decreased, demand tends to increase, hence establishing an inverse relationship between demand and price levels. Similarly, it can be seen from this analysis, that the aggregate market price for Toyota’s products was decreased in fiscal year 2013 which resulted in an increase in sales which depicts an increase in the demand for Toyota in the market. In the same vein, when the supply of a product is increased, its price decreases and if the supply levels in the market are decreased, the product’s price in the market increases. The equilibrium point thus keeps shifting with changes in demand and supply due to different market factors. Also relevant is the concept of spatial equilibrium (Nagurney, 2002) which speaks about how supply and demand prices result in trade flows. The figure below illustrates the aggregate demand and supply schedule for FY 2012 and 2013. Price (million Yen) 2.59(2012) 2.3 1(2013) 1,221,374 2,268,563 Quantity (units) Demand FY 2012 Supply FY 2012 Demand FY 2013 Supply FY 2013 The world economy has been going through rough times and its basic structure has been forever changed since the financial crisis of 2007-2008. Market trends have also significantly changed since then even though the market has recently picked up for the better. Toyota’s performance, measured by its sales, production, revenue and cost figures etc declined steadily in the fiscal years 2011 and 2012, however it increased its performance dramatically in fiscal year 2013 and picked up fast pace to increase its sales, production and profit levels and overall revenue levels. It also managed to decrease its production cost and reduce market price to boost its demand in the market. These maneuvers paid

Employment and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Employment and Society - Essay Example The management, which is mostly consisted of male employees, find women not flexible enough, or assume that women do not want to be relocated or put long hours for the company because of their family responsibilities. Because of this, talented and skilled women lose the opportunity to be promoted to the higher management. Although there are women being promoted to the next level, there are still several signs that the place of women in the workplace is still at a lower level compared to men. Although the compensation gap between men and women employees are slowly narrowing, women’s compensation range is still at 77% lower than men’s in a 1999 data (Gregory, 2). By 2000, 46.5% of the US workforce are women but only 11.7% have held board of director positions and only 12.5% are corporate officers (Gregory, 2). Sadly, women themselves have unwittingly become the perpetuator of their own discrimination. Some women do not recognize that a certain policy is discriminatory in nature. Others, who recognize the discrimination, do not want to become involved in legal proceedings. Or are scared of losing their jobs or think that it is useless to bother with such issues as all other workplace are also infested with discrimination. There have been various laws that were passed to ensure that women get an equal opportunity in the workplace. This proves that the course towards gender equality in the workplace is on the works.

Theory of Migration and Cultural Constructions of Home

Theory of Migration and Cultural Constructions of Home Defining the place called home has proven to be a challenge for many since it is highly subjective amongst individuals. Home is not merely the physical space occupied by the family members; it is a feeling. A mental and deep emotional connection of the physical space to the experiences and memories tied to the thought of home (Douglas). These are largely formed during the childhood years and needless to say, these remain to be a part of our lives forever more. Even with the creeping need to change areas of residence due to the dynamic nature of our lives today, to a large extent the place we found ourselves in the earliest days of our lives will almost always be home. Socially, the idea of home puts people in recognizable settings by associating them with certain social classes, certain religions, education levels and interests. Spatial or the geographic setting of home is the most outward. This usually refers to the city, town or area of residence. This is the kind of reference most people get when the term home is mentioned but there is a lot more to home than just the geographic location. However, this is relatable in circumstances whereby people are forcibly evicted not only from their homes but also from their locality. It can be argued that there lacks certainty of the perseverance of the natural settings of the so called home environs and the fact that boundaries can be shifted if and when need arises. However, forceful eviction from ones habitual place of residence is guaranteed to trigger the feeling of loss or oppression since it was not their call to move to a new area of residence. The fact that the shift from home is forced draws more conviction to the affected persons that they deserved to remain there. This is the case for refugees. Many being victims of civil wars, they are forced to run off to areas that are more peaceful and with access to conditions close to those they had in their homes before trouble erupted (UNHCR). Such individuals are forced to start life afresh against their will and intention. Adjusting to the life of being in makeshift structures or even if lucky to be provided with permanent areas of residence, is a challenge. This is because they have to tackle the issue of cultural adjustment in terms of language, religion, dressing and also the way of life. Such people never really get over the fact that they shall not return to their ancestral land and they stay alert to hear any opportunity for the return to their ancestral land. Inasmuch as they have the physical migration to what can be referred to as their new homes, their hearts will always remain in their ancestral land from which they w ere evicted (Kabachnik, Regulska and Mitchnek). Scientifically speaking, there is no connection between people and places. Even culture does not come naturally, it is acquired over time. Similarly, the emotional connection that people and their spatial homes develops over time. It is the repetition of daily practices over time that results to the deep connection. Over time, the achievements made, be it in terms of buildings and investments or simply career development. The milestones achieved from the inception of the unit called home create deep emotional connection that takes time to break off. As a matter of fact some of these ties cannot be broken however much time they put into forgetting their past and moving on. Massey(Massey), suggests that human beings understand space as a product of correlation. One that is constantly under construction that acquires meaning through the interaction of people with their places. This goes to show that home is not just a place, it is a journey through which the meaning is discovered and de ep ties are made making it the epicenter of the entire universe. The common misconception of home being the house you dwelt in arises from the fact that the house is the unit whereby the experiences were lived and relationships developed. Buildings have been said to bear the capacity to hold memories and therefore even with the thought of home being a culmination of the spatial locality and the specific place of residence, the latter tends to have more emotional affiliation with the individuals. Refugees have hence been known to tag along certain items that serve as a reminder of the place they called home. Some have persistently held onto their title deeds or keys to their houses perhaps to give themselves the hope that they shall return some day or for the mere solace of holding their memories close in the middle of the most uncertain of circumstances. Moving to start new lives, refugees like most other people attempt to recreate or come up with the closest imitation to what they had really known home to be. This could be spatial or in aspects c lose to what their house was. Women have particularly been shown to hold on to the idea of home as opposed to their male counterparts that would take a relatively   shorter time to adjust and get going with a new way of life. They tend to rearrange furniture in the same design that home was and attempt to purchase household items that are close to what was in their homes. This shows just how much effect the place called home has on us psychologically (Koser). Children are not left behind in the process of realignment. As a matter of fact, they suffer the kind of trauma they are at risk of tagging along with for the rest of their lives. Case in time are the children that are displaced from their homes during times of political unrest and are of age such that they already had their interaction with the environment and had formed unique likings of certain places and occurrences. Such children will always struggle to relive their old experiences. They could blame their parents for wit hdrawing them from their favorite playgrounds, taking away their friends or even changing schools. These fail to understand the intricacies of the surrounding occurrences hence may never get over the psychological trauma. They find trouble adjusting to the new home environment and it is not uncommon for such individuals to carry along certain psychological disturbances all along their lives. In future, such always try to go back to the drawing board in search of answers and to probably finish off the adventure they believe deserved to end and in a particularly remarkable way. In conclusion, home is a space that is dear to us all in our hearts. It is more than just the locality and the building of residence, rather it is a journey of events; constantly dynamic and albeit challenging at times, it is absolutely rewarding. With this in mind, it is possible to understand the struggle faced by refugees in their quest to adjust to new home environments. Home is almost irreplaceable but over time, with a focused mindset, it is indeed possible to adjust to new environment. References Douglas, M. The idea of home: A kind of space. 1991. Kabachnik, P, J Regulska and B Mitchnek. Where and when is home? Journal of Refugee (2010): 315-336. Koser, K. New Approaches to Migration? Transnational Communities and the Transformation of Home. London, 2002. Massey, D. For Space. London, 2005. UNHCR. The State of the Worlds Refugees: Human Displacement in the New. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights: Life is Hard :: Wuthering Heights Essays

Wuthering Heights – Life is Hard Many times in life, people leave our lives and then come back into them.   However, we remember them, but they do not remember us.   The same thing happened in Emily Brontà «'s book Wuthering Heights.   Linton, taken by his mother to London after his birth, never knew his father, then when things happened, he came back home.   He had family fighting over where he was to live and whom he would be around.   Not knowing part of your family until after you are fifteen is hard.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Isabella took her son, after he was born, and moved to London away from Thrushcross Grange.   At the same time, she moved away from her husband, Heathcliff.   During the time that Isabella and Linton were gone, Isabella got sick and passed away.   Right before her death, a letter came saying that she was dying so Hindley went to visit her.   While he was there, she did passed on so he brought Linton back with him.   Once back, everyone looked after him and made him feel at home.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Heathcliff soon came to the knowledge that his son had returned to Wuthering Heights.   He then sent someone to Wuthering Heights to get Linton.   However, he did not know that Linton was already asleep so he did not get the boy that night.   The next day the boy was taken to Heathcliff at Thrushcross Grange.   The father and son were nothing alike, and Linton was intimidated by his father.   He did stay, and meet some of his relatives that he had never seen, who helped him adjust to living there.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Everyday in our lives we run into situations that we wish we had never been involved with.   I relate to the characters of Linton and Heathcliff.   I am like Linton because people know who I am, but I never remember meeting them, and am scared around them.   I also feel the same as Hindly might have of.   This is because I would want to see the person I did not know, but then I would not know how to cat around them.   In time people come around, but others, as with Heathcliff and Linton, never come around.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Everyday life is something we take for granted.